I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hoʻomau, ke hoʻemi nei nā mea ʻike i nā manawa pōʻai, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka ʻōpala, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kaʻina hana pani pani a hoʻonui i ka ʻike, e wehe ana i nā mea hou no ka hana akamai a me nā hale. #sensors #sustainability #SHM
Nā mea ʻike ma ka hema (luna a lalo): ka wela wela (TFX), nā dielectrics in-mold (Lambient), ultrasonics (University of Augsburg), disposable dielectrics (Synthesites) a ma waena o nā peni a me nā thermocouples Microwire (AvPro).Graphs (luna, i ka clockwise): Collo dielectric mau (CP) versus Collo ionic viscosity (CIV), resin resistance versus time (Synthesites) and digital model of caprolactam implanted preforms using electromagnetic sensors (CosiMo project, DLR ZLP , University of Augsburg).
Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻoihana honua mai ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19, ua neʻe ʻo ia i ka hoʻomau i ka hoʻomau, e koi ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai (e like me ka ikehu, ka wai a me nā mea waiwai). .Akā, pono kēia i ka ʻike. No nā composites, no hea mai kēia ʻikepili?
E like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma CW's 2020 Composite 4.0 moʻo o nā ʻatikala, e wehewehe ana i nā ana e pono ai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana a me ka hana ʻana, a me nā mea ʻike e pono ai e hoʻokō i kēlā mau ana, ʻo ia ka hana mua i ka hana akamai. nā meaʻike, nā meaʻike wela, nā meaʻike fiber optic, a me nā mea hoʻopiliʻole me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā hawewe kani ultrasonic a me ka electromagnetic - a me nā papahana e hōʻike ana i ko lākou hiki (e nānā i ka CW's online sensor content set). nā mea waiwai, nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pilikia i hoʻohiki ʻia, a me ka ʻāina ʻenehana i lalo o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo nā hui e kū nei ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i ka ʻoihana composites ke ʻimi nei a hoʻokele i kēia wahi.
Pūnaewele sensor ma CosiMo ʻO kahi pūnaewele o 74 mau mea ʻike - 57 o ia mau mea kani ultrasonic i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke Kulanui o Augsburg (i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻākau, nā kiko uliuli māmā ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna a me lalo o nā ʻāpana mold) - hoʻohana ʻia no ka Lid demonstrator no ka T-RTM hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka papahana CosiMo no nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi thermoplastic.
Pahuhopu #1: E mālama i ke kālā. ʻO ka blog CW o Dekemaba 2021, "Custom Ultrasonic Sensors for Composite Process Optimization and Control," e wehewehe ana i ka hana ma ke Kulanui o Augsburg (UNA, Augsburg, Kelemānia) e hoʻomohala i kahi pūnaewele o 74 mau mea ʻike no ka CosiMo papahana e hana i ka EV uhi uhi demonstrator (composite mea i loko o ka akamai lawe lima). Ua hanaia ka hapa me ka thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T-RTM), i polymerizes caprolactam monomer in situ i loko o ka polyamide 6 (PA6) composite.Markus Sause, Professor. ma UNA a me ke poʻo o ka UNA's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Production Network ma Augsburg, wehewehe i ke kumu he mea nui loa nā sensor: "ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa a mākou e hāʻawi nei ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea e hana nei i loko o ka pahu ʻeleʻele i ka wā e hana ai. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hana i nā ʻōnaehana palena e hoʻokō i kēia. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana lākou i nā mea maʻalahi a kikoʻī paha i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka infusion resin e hana i nā ʻāpana aerospace nui. Inā hele hewa ke kaʻina hana infusion, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻāpana nui. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻonā e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka mea i hewa i ke kaʻina hana a me ke kumu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono a hoʻoponopono iā ia, e mālama i ke kālā he nui.
ʻO Thermocouples kahi laʻana o kahi "mea maʻalahi a kikoʻī paha" i hoʻohana ʻia no nā makahiki he nui e nānā i ka mahana o nā laminates composite i ka wā autoclave a i ʻole ka umu curing. thermal bonders.Hoʻohana nā mea hana Resin i nā ʻano ʻike like ʻole i ka lab e nānā i nā loli o ka resin viscosity i ka manawa a me ka mahana e hoʻomohala ai i nā formulations. nā ʻāpana he nui (e laʻa, ka mahana a me ke kaomi) a me ke kūlana o ka mea (e laʻa, viscosity, aggregation, crystallization).
No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ka ultrasonic sensor i hoʻomohala ʻia no ka papahana CosiMo i nā loina like me ka nānā ʻana i ke kani ultrasonic, a ua lilo ia i kumu nui o ka hoʻāʻo ʻole luku ʻole (NDI) o nā ʻāpana composite i hoʻopau ʻia.Petros Karapapas, Principal Engineer ma Meggitt (Loughborough, UK), "ʻO kā mākou pahuhopu e hōʻemi i ka manawa a me ka hana e pono ai no ka nānā ʻana ma hope o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana e hiki mai ana ke neʻe nei mākou i ka hana kikohoʻe." Materials Center (NCC, Bristol, UK) hui pū e hōʻike i ka nānā ʻana o kahi apo Solvay (Alpharetta, GA, USA) EP 2400 i ka wā o RTM me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi sensor dielectric linear i hoʻomohala ʻia ma Cranfield University (Cranfield, UK) Kahe a me ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka oxyresin no kahi. 1.3 m ka lōʻihi, 0.8 m laula a me 0.4 m hohonu i hui pū ʻia no ka mea hoʻololi wela mīkini mokulele mokulele. e hoʻāʻo ana ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana," wahi a Karapapas. Akā me kēia sensor, ʻaʻole pono ia.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Collo Probe i loko o ka ipu hui pena (ka pōʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma luna) e ʻike i ka pau ʻana o ka hui ʻana, mālama i ka manawa a me ka ikehu.
"ʻAʻole kā mākou pahuhopu e lilo i mea hana ʻē aʻe, akā e nānā i nā ʻōnaehana hana," wahi a Matti Järveläinen, Luna Nui a hoʻokumu o ColloidTek Oy (Kolo, Tampere, Finland). ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea ʻike electromagnetic field (EMF), ka hana hōʻailona a me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili e ana i ka "fingerprint" o kekahi wai e like me nā monomers, resins a i ʻole adhesives. E hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i ke ʻano o kāu kaʻina hana a hana i ka wā e hewa ai nā mea," wahi a Järveläinen. No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka manawa hui ʻana no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i ka pau ʻana o ka hui ʻana. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka huahana, mālama i ka ikehu a hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Pahuhopu #2: E hoʻonui i ka ʻike kaʻina hana a me ka ʻike. Lawe wale ʻoe i kahi laʻana a hele i ka lab a nānā i ke ʻano o nā minuke a i ʻole mau hola i hala. Ua like ia me ke kaʻa ʻana ma ke ala nui, i kēlā me kēia hola E wehe i kou mau maka no hoʻokahi minuke a hoʻāʻo e wānana i kahi e hele ai ke alanui. Ua ʻae ʻo Sause, me ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻenehana sensor i kūkulu ʻia ma CosiMo "kōkua iā mākou e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi piha o ke kaʻina hana a me nā ʻano waiwai. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā hopena kūloko i ke kaʻina hana, i ka pane ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa i ka ʻāpana mānoanoa a i ʻole nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia e like me ke kumu pahu. ʻO ka mea a mākou e hoʻāʻo nei e hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mea e hana maoli nei i loko o ka mold. ʻAe kēia iā mākou e hoʻoholo i nā ʻike like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ke kahe mua, ka hōʻea ʻana o kēlā me kēia hapa manawa a me ke ʻano o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i kēlā me kēia wahi sensor.
Hana pū ʻo Collo me nā mea hana epoxy adhesives, pena a me ka pia e hana i nā profile kaʻina hana no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu i hana ʻia. hoʻopaʻa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi.
ʻO ke wikiō o ke kahe mua ma kahi ʻāpana CosiMo (ʻo ka puka injection ke kiko keʻokeʻo ma ke kikowaena) ma ke ʻano he hana o ka manawa, ma muli o ka ʻikepili ana mai kahi pūnaewele sensor in-mold. Augsburg
"Makemake au e ʻike i ka mea e hana ana i ka wā hana ʻāpana, ʻaʻole e wehe i ka pahu a ʻike i ka mea e hana ma hope," wahi a Meggitt's Karapapas. e hōʻoia i ka ho'ōla ʻana o ka resin. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā ʻano ʻeono ʻeono i wehewehe ʻia ma lalo nei (ʻaʻole he papa inoa piha, he koho liʻiliʻi wale nō, nā mea hoʻolako, pū kekahi), hiki ke nānā i ka cure/polymerization a me ka resin flow. I ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia i ka wā o CosiMo, nāna i hoʻohana i ka ultrasonic, dielectric a me ka piezoresistive in-mode sensor no ke ana wela a me ke kaomi e Kistler (Winterthur, Switzerland).
Pahuhopu #3: E ho'ēmi i ka manawa pōʻaiapuni. Hiki i nā mea ʻike Collo ke ana i ka like ʻole o ka epoxy hoʻōla wikiwiki ʻelua ʻāpana ʻoiai ua hui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana A a me B i ka wā RTM a ma kēlā me kēia wahi i loko o ka mold kahi i kau ʻia ai ia mau mea ʻike. ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka lāʻau resins no nā noi e like me Urban Air Mobility (UAM), e hāʻawi i nā pōʻai hoʻōla wikiwiki i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā epoxies hoʻokahi ʻāpana e like me RTM6.
Hiki i nā mea ʻike Collo ke nānā a nānā i ka epoxy e hoʻopau ʻia, hoʻopiʻi ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia, a i ka pau ʻana o kēlā me kēia kaʻina hana. (MSM). Ke alualu nei nā ʻoihana e like me AvPro (Norman, Oklahoma, USA) i ka MSM no nā makahiki he mau makahiki e nānā i nā loli i nā mea ʻāpana a me nā kaʻina hana ʻoiai ʻo ia e ʻimi nei i nā pahuhopu kikoʻī no ka mahana hoʻololi aniani (Tg), viscosity, polymerization a / a i ʻole. crystallization .No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi pūnaewele o nā mea ʻike a me ka nānā ʻana i nā kikohoʻe ma CosiMo e hoʻoholo i ka manawa liʻiliʻi e pono ai e wela i ka paʻi RTM a me ka mold a ʻike ʻia ua loaʻa ka 96% o ka polymerization kiʻekiʻe i 4.5 mau minuke.
Ua hōʻike pū nā mea hoʻolako sensor dielectric e like me Lambient Technologies (Cambridge, MA, USA), Netzsch (Selb, Germany) a me Synthesites (Uccle, Belgium) i ko lākou hiki ke hōʻemi i nā manawa pōʻai. ) a me Bombardier Belfast (i kēia manawa ʻo Spirit AeroSystems (Belfast, Ireland)) hōʻike e pili ana i nā ana manawa maoli o ka resin resistance a me ka mahana, ma o kāna Optimold data acquisition unit a me Optiview Software hoʻololi i ka viscosity a me Tg. "Hiki i nā mea hana ke ʻike i ka Tg. i ka manawa maoli, no laila hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoholo i ka wā e hoʻōki ai i ka pōʻai hoʻōla," wehewehe ʻo Nikos Pantelelis, Luna Hoʻokele o Synthesites. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka pōʻai kuʻuna no RTM6 he lāʻau lapaʻau piha 2-hola ma 180°C. Ua ʻike mākou hiki ke hoʻopōkole ʻia kēia i 70 mau minuke i kekahi mau geometries. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia kēia ma ka papahana INNOTOOL 4.0 (e ʻike i ka "Accelerating RTM with Heat Flux Sensors"), kahi i hoʻopōkole ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea ʻike wela i ka pōʻai hoʻōla RTM6 mai 120 mau minuke i 90 mau minuke.
Pahuhopu #4: Ka hoʻomalu pani pani ʻia o nā kaʻina hana adaptive. 2020 (30-50% ho'ēmi kumukūʻai). E hoʻomaopopo he pili kēia i nā kaʻina hana like ʻole - hoʻokomo ʻokoʻa o ka prepreg tape (ZAero) a me ka fiber spray preforming i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe T-RTM ma CosiMo no RTM me ka epoxy hoʻōla wikiwiki (iComposite 4.0). o kēia mau papahana e hoʻohana i nā mea ʻike me nā hiʻohiʻona kikohoʻe a me nā algorithms e hoʻohālikelike i ke kaʻina hana a wānana i ka hopena o ka ʻāpana i hoʻopau ʻia.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mana o ke kaʻina hana ma ke ʻano he mau ʻanuʻu, wehewehe ʻo Sause. ʻO ka hana mua ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea ʻike a me nā lako hana, ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "e nānā i nā mea e hana nei i loko o ka pahu ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻāpana e hoʻohana ai. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hapalua paha o ka mana pani pani, hiki iā ia ke kaomi i ke pihi hoʻomaha e komo, Hoʻoponopono i ke kaʻina hana a pale i nā ʻāpana i hōʻole ʻia. Ma ke ʻano he hana hope, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i kahi māhoe kikohoʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, akā pono pū kekahi i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā ʻano aʻo mīkini. Ma CosiMo, hiki i kēia kālā ke hoʻohana i nā mea ʻike e hānai i ka ʻikepili i loko o ka māhoe kikohoʻe, ʻo Edge analysis (helu helu i hana ʻia ma ka lihi o ka laina hana me ka helu ʻana mai kahi waihona ʻikepili kikowaena) a laila hoʻohana ʻia e wānana i ka holo mua o ka dynamics. a me nā wahi maloʻo hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kēia ʻike e hoʻomaikaʻi i kāu mea. "
I ka hanaʻana pēlā, hoʻohana nā hui i nā meaʻike e hoʻololi i nā kaʻina hana.No ka laʻana, ke hana neiʻo Synthesites me kāna mau mea kūʻai e hoʻohui i nā meaʻike me nā mea hana e pani ai i ka puka resin ke hoʻopauʻia ka infusion, a iʻole e hoʻohuli i ka paʻi wela ke loaʻa ka hopena o ka hopena.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Järveläinen no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka sensor ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no kēlā me kēia hihia hoʻohana, "pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā loli o ka mea a me ke kaʻina hana āu e makemake ai e nānā, a laila pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi loiloi." Loaʻa i ka mea loiloi ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e kahi mea nīnau a i ʻole ʻāpana ʻikepili. ʻikepili maka a hoʻololi iā ia i ʻike hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea hana. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili, a me kahi hoʻolālā mālama ʻikepili e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono i ka ʻikepili.
"ʻAʻole makemake nā mea hoʻohana hope e ʻike i ka ʻikepili maka," wahi a Järveläinen. no ka nānā ʻana, a laila hoʻohana i ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini e wikiwiki i ke kaʻina hana. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia loiloi lihi a me ka mīkini aʻo ʻana e ka hui Collo a me CosiMo ma o nā palapala viscosity, nā hiʻohiʻona helu o ka resin kahe i mua, a ʻike ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻokele hope i nā ʻāpana kaʻina hana a me nā mīkini.
ʻO Optimold kahi mea anaana i hoʻomohala ʻia e Synthesites no kāna mau mea ʻike dielectric. Manaʻo ʻia e Synthesites 'Optiview software, hoʻohana ka Optimold unit i nā ana wela a me ka resin resistance e helu a hōʻike i nā kiʻi manawa maoli e nānā i ke kūlana resin me ka ratio mix, aging chemical, viscosity, Tg a me ke degere o ka cure.It hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i ka prepreg a me ka wai hoʻokumu 'ana kaʻina.A kaawale wae Optiflow ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka kahe ana. ʻO ka mea ʻike wela a me ka resin/prepreg samples i loko o kēia ʻāpana anana. "Ke hoʻohana nei mākou i kēia ʻano hana hou no ka infusion a me ka hoʻōla hoʻopili no ka hana ʻana o ka makani turbine blade," wahi a Nikos Pantelelis, Luna Hoʻokele o Synthesites.
Hoʻohui nā ʻōnaehana kaʻina hana Synthesites i nā mea ʻike, Optiflow a / a i ʻole Optimold ʻikepili acquisition units, a me OptiView a/a i ʻole Online Resin Status (ORS).
No laila, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻolako sensor i hoʻomohala i kā lākou mau loiloi ponoʻī, ʻo kekahi e hoʻohana ana i ka mīkini aʻo a ʻaʻole kekahi. hoʻokahi wale nō mea e noʻonoʻo ai. He nui nā mea ʻē aʻe.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka pili ʻana i ke koho ʻana i ka mea ʻike e hoʻohana ai. Pono paha ka ʻike e pili me ka mea, ka mea nīnau, a i ʻole nā mea ʻelua. ka ʻilikai - ʻaʻole pono ka nānā pono ʻana i ka pilina me ka mea i loko o ka mold. Hiki i nā mea ʻike Ultrasonic ke nīnau i nā ʻāpana i nā hohonu like ʻole ma muli o ke alapine i hoʻohana ʻia. Hiki i nā mea ʻike electromagnetic Collo ke heluhelu i ka hohonu o ka wai a i ʻole nā ʻāpana - 2-10 cm, ma muli o ma ke alapine o ka nīnau - a ma o nā ipu hao ʻole a i ʻole nā mea hana e pili ana me ka resin.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā microwires magnetic (e nānā i ka "Non-contact monitor of temperature and pressure inside composites") ʻo ia wale nō nā mea ʻike e hiki ke nīnau i nā composites ma kahi mamao o 10 cm. ua hoʻokomo 'ia i loko o ka composite material.AvPro's ThermoPulse microwire sensor, i hoʻokomo 'ia i loko o ka adhesive bond layer, ua ninau ia ma o ka 25mm manoanoa kalapona laminate e ana i ka wela i ka wā o ka hoʻopaʻa kaʻina hana. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻopili i ka hana composite a i ʻole bondline. Ma nā anawaena nui aʻe o 100-200 microns, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻike fiber optic me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā waiwai. interrogator.Pēlā nō hoʻi, no ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā sensor dielectric i ka volta e ana i nā waiwai resin, pono lākou e hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mea nīnau nīnau, a ʻo ka hapa nui e pili pū me ka resin a lākou e nānā nei.
Hiki ke hoʻokomoʻia ka meaʻike Collo Probe (luna) i loko o ka wai, aʻo ka Collo Plate (lalo) i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka paia o kahi moku / hui hui a iʻole ka hana paipu / laina hānai.
ʻO ka hiki ke wela o ka mea ʻike kekahi mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea kani kani ultrasonic e hana maʻamau i nā mahana a hiki i 150 ° C, akā pono e hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻāpana i CosiMo i nā mahana ma luna o 200 ° C. No laila, UNA pono e hoʻolālā i kahi kani kani ultrasonic me kēia capability.Lambient's disposable dielectric sensors hiki ke hoʻohana ma luna o ka hapa surfaces a hiki i 350°C, a me kona reusable in-mold sensors hiki ke hoohana ia a hiki i 250°C.RVmagnetics (Kosice, Slovakia) ʻO kāna microwire sensor no nā mea hoʻohui i hiki ke kū i ka hoʻōla ʻana ma 500 ° C. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe palena wela o ka Collo sensor ponoʻī, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka pale aniani no ka Collo Plate a me ka hale polyetheretherketone (PEEK) hou no ka Collo Probe. no ka hana mau ma 150 ° C, e like me Järveläinen. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana ʻo PhotonFirst (Alkmaar, Netherlands) i kahi uhi polyimide e hāʻawi i kahi mahana hana o 350 ° C no kāna mea ʻike fiber optic no ka papahana SuCoHS, no ka hoʻomau a me ka uku- hoʻohuihui wela kiʻekiʻe kūpono.
ʻO kekahi kumu e noʻonoʻo ai, ʻoi loa no ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ʻo ia ke ana ʻana o ka mea ʻike ma kahi kiko hoʻokahi a i ʻole he mea ʻike laina me nā helu ʻike he nui. i ka 40 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing points me ka liʻiliʻi loa o 1 cm. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau ʻike no ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino kino (SHM) o nā alahaka hui 66-mika-lōʻihi a me ka nānā ʻana i ka resin kahe ʻana i ka wā o ka infusion o nā deck alahaka nui. ʻO nā mea ʻike kikoʻī pākahi no ia papahana e koi i ka helu nui o nā mea ʻike a me ka manawa hoʻonohonoho. Me kā mākou sensor linear, hiki iā mākou ke nānā mau i ka kahe resin ma ka lōʻihi, e hōʻemi nui i ka helu o nā mea ʻike i koi ʻia ma ka ʻāpana a i ʻole mea hana.
AFP NLR no ka Fiber Optic Sensors Hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻāpana kūikawā i ka 8th channel o ke poʻo Coriolis AFP e hoʻokomo i ʻehā mau mea ʻike fiber optic sensor i kahi wela kiʻekiʻe, carbon fiber reinforced composite test panel.Kiʻi kiʻi: SuCoHS Project, NLR
Ma ka papahana SuCoHS, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Royal NLR (Dutch Aerospace Center, Marknesse) i kahi hui kūikawā i hoʻohui ʻia i ka 8th channel Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) poʻo o Coriolis Composites (Queven, France) e hoʻokomo i ʻEhā arrays ( ʻO nā laina fiber optic kaʻawale), kēlā me kēia me 5 a 6 FBG sensors (PhotonFirst hāʻawi i ka huina o 23 sensors), i ka carbon fiber test panels. Ua hoʻokomo ʻo RVmagnetics i kāna mau mea ʻike microwire i ka pultruded GFRP rebar. lōʻihi no ka hapa nui o nā microwires composites], akā hoʻokomo mau ʻia i ka wā e hana ʻia ai ka rebar, "wahi a Ratislav Varga, ka mea hoʻokumu o RVmagnetics. "He microwire kāu me kahi microwire 1km. nā wili filament a hānai iā ia i loko o ka hale hana rebar me ka hoʻololi ʻole i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka rebar. I kēia manawa, ke hana nei ʻo Com&Sens i ka ʻenehana automated e hoʻokomo i nā mea ʻike fiber-optic i ka wā o ke kaʻina wili filament i nā moku kaomi.
Ma muli o kona hiki ke alakaʻi i ka uila, hiki i ka fiber carbon ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia me nā sensor dielectric. Hoʻohana nā mea ʻike dielectric i ʻelua electrodes i hoʻonoho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i kekahi. I kēia hihia, e hoʻohana i kahi kānana. ʻO ka linear dielectric sensor i hoʻomohala ʻia e Cranfield University a me NCC e hoʻohana i kahi ala ʻē aʻe, me ʻelua mau wili wili o nā uwea keleawe. me ka polymer insulating ʻaʻole pili i ke kahua uila, akā pale i ka pōkole kalapona mai ka pōkole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke kumukūʻai kekahi pilikia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Com&Sens, ʻo ka awelika kumu kūʻai no ka FBG sensing point he 50-125 euros, hiki ke hāʻule ma kahi o 25-35 euros inā hoʻohana ʻia i nā pūʻulu (e laʻa, no nā moku kaomi 100,000). ʻO kahi hapa wale nō o ka mana hana o kēia manawa a i manaʻo ʻia o nā moku kaomi composite, e ʻike i ka CW's 2021 ʻatikala ma ka hydrogen. ʻO ka mea i nīnau ʻia ma kahi o £10,000 (€12,000). mea noiʻi kiʻekiʻe) ma Composite Process Science ma ke Kulanui ʻo Cranfield, "he mea hoʻoponopono impedance, he pololei loa a me ke kumukūʻai ma ka liʻiliʻi £ 30,000 [≈ €36,000], Akā hoʻohana ka NCC i kahi nīnau maʻalahi maʻalahi loa e pili ana i waho o ka papa. modules mai ka hui kalepa ʻo Advise Deta [Bedford, UK]. Hoʻopuka ʻo Synthesites i ka € 1,190 no nā mea i loko o ka mold a me ka € 20 no ka hoʻohana hoʻokahi / ʻāpana ʻāpana I EUR, Optiflow i helu ʻia ma EUR 3,900 a me Optimold ma EUR 7,200, me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā uku no nā ʻāpana analyser lehulehu. ʻO kēia mau kumukūʻai e komo pū me Optiview lako polokalamu a me kekahi. ke kākoʻo pono, Pantelelis i mai la, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hana makani maka e mālama i nā hola 1.5 i kēlā me kēia pōʻai, e hoʻohui i nā lau i kēlā me kēia laina i kēlā me kēia mahina, a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu e 20 pakeneka, me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka o nā mahina ʻehā wale nō.
E loaʻa i nā ʻoihana e hoʻohana ana i nā mea ʻike ka pōmaikaʻi e like me ka composites 4.0 digital manufacturing evolves. No ka laʻana, wahi a Grégoire Beauduin, Luna Hoʻokele o ka Hoʻomohala ʻoihana ma Com&Sens, "I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā mea hana moku e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea waiwai a me nā kumukūʻai, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i kā mākou sensor e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai. ʻO kā lākou mau hoʻolālā a nānā i ka hana ʻana i ko lākou hiki ʻana i nā pae i koi ʻia e 2030. ʻO nā mea ʻike like i hoʻohana ʻia no ka loiloi ʻana i nā pae i loko o nā papa i ka wā o ka wili a me ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka filament hiki ke nānā i ka pono o ka pahu i nā kaukani o ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana, wānana i ka mālama pono a hōʻoia hou i ka hopena o ka hoʻolālā. ola. Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi kolamu ʻikepili māhoe kikohoʻe no kēlā me kēia moku kaomi composite i hana ʻia, a ke kūkulu ʻia nei ka hopena no nā satelite.
E ho'ā ana i nā māhoe kikohoʻe a me nā lola Ke hana nei ʻo Com&Sens me kahi mea hana composites e hoʻohana i kāna mau mea ʻike fiber optic e hiki ai ke kahe ʻikepili kikohoʻe ma o ka hoʻolālā, hana ʻana a me ka lawelawe ('ākau) e kākoʻo i nā kāleka ID kikohoʻe e kākoʻo ana i ka māhoe kikohoʻe o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana (hema) i hana ʻia. Kiʻi kiʻi: Com&Sens a me Figure 1, “Engineering with Digital Threads” na V. Singh, K. Wilcox.
No laila, kākoʻo ka ʻikepili sensor i ka māhoe kikohoʻe, a me ke kaula kikohoʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā, ka hana ʻana, ka hana lawelawe a me ka obsolescence.I ka nānā ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka naʻauao artificial a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini, hoʻihoʻi kēia ʻikepili i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ka hoʻomau. Ua hoʻololi pū ʻo ia i ke ʻano o ka hana pū ʻana o nā kaulahao hoʻolako. hiki i kēia manawa ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o kāna mau mea hoʻopili no kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai aku," wahi a Järveläinen, "akā hiki iā Kiilto ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ka hana resins i nā kaʻina hana a nā mea kūʻai aku, a pehea e launa pū ai nā mea kūʻai aku me kā lākou huahana, e hoʻololi nei i ka hana ʻana. Hiki i nā kaulahao ke hana pū.
Hoʻohana ʻo OPTO-Light i nā mea ʻike Kistler, Netzsch a me Synthesites e nānā i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāpana CFRP epoxy overmolded thermoplastic. Hōʻaiʻē kiʻi: AZL
Kākoʻo pū nā sensor i nā mea hou a me nā hui kaʻina hana. Ua wehewehe ʻia ma ka ʻatikala 2019 a CW ma ka papahana OPTO-Light (e nānā i ka "Thermoplastic Overmolding Thermosets, 2-Minute Cycle, One Battery"), hoʻohana ʻo AZL Aachen (Aachen, Kelemānia) i ʻelua ʻanuʻu. kaʻina hana e hoʻopaʻa i hoʻokahi To (UD) carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg, a laila overmolded me 30% pōkole aniani fiber i hoʻoikaika ʻia PA6. ʻO ke kī e hoʻōla hapa wale i ka prepreg i hiki i ke koena reactivity i ka epoxy hiki ke hoʻopili i ka thermoplastic. Hoʻohana ʻo AZL i ka Optimold a me Netzsch DEA288 Epsilon analyses me Synthesites a me Netzsch dielectric sensors a me Kistler in-mold sensors a me DataFlow software e hoʻonui i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. e hoʻomaopopo i ke kūlana o ka lāʻau i mea e loaʻa ai kahi pilina maikaʻi i ka thermoplastic overmolding, "wahi a AZL noiʻi ʻenekini Richard Schares. "I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki i ke kaʻina hana ke adaptive A naʻauao, hoʻololi ʻia ke kaʻina hana e nā hōʻailona sensor."
Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi, wahi a Järveläinen, "a ʻo ia ka nele o ka ʻike o nā mea kūʻai aku i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau mea ʻike like ʻole i kā lākou hana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana ʻaʻohe loea sensor. I kēia manawa, pono ke ala i mua i nā mea hana sensor a me nā mea kūʻai E hoʻololi i ka ʻike ma hope. ʻO nā hui e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻohui sensor a me nā lawelawe māhoe kikohoʻe. Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia ua hoʻolimalima ʻo Augsburg AI production network i kahi hale 7,000-square-mika no kēia kumu, "e hoʻonui ana i ka hoʻolālā hoʻomohala ʻana o CosiMo i kahi ākea ākea, me nā cell automation i hoʻopili ʻia, kahi o nā hoa hana ʻoihana. Hiki iā ia ke kau i nā mīkini, holo i nā papahana a aʻo pehea e hoʻohui ai i nā hoʻonā AI hou.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Carapappas, ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana i ka sensor dielectric a Meggitt ma ka NCC ʻo ia wale nō ka hana mua i kēlā. pono a me nā mea e kauoha ai. Ke ulu nei ka automation digital.
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Hoʻohana ʻo Spirit AeroSystems i ka Airbus Smart Design no A350 Center Fuselage a me Front Spars ma Kingston, NC
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-20-2022
